Monthly Archives: January 2011
Day 20: Why We Use Video Conferencing in K-12 Classrooms
This post continues our 20 Day Challenge to understand the technical aspects of videoconferencing.
Each January, we write these 20 Day Video Conference Challenges to share our experiences with others. In the early days of video conferencing, it was cumbersome and expensive. Today, we can have excellent H.323 quality connecting a variety of endpoints to different MCUs and other endpoints to create a smaller world for our students.
We have seen the power of effective curriculum video conferencing can have on student motivation and success. If the technology is not properly set up or does not work properly, that creates a barrier to implementation and educators who already have so many things that they are responsible for are going to be less likely to attempt to reach outside their classrooms.
Using advanced video conferencing technologies, we can create exceptional learning opportunities for students in rural schools, suburban schools and inner city schools. Each has a unique need that can be bridged with a quality curriculum video conferencing solution.
Here are links to assist you in continuing to Talk Like a Techie. It has been a learning experience for us as we researched and wrote this challenge and we hope that it has helped you in learning more about video conferencing.
LifeSize
Day 13: How to Dial with a LifeSize Remote
Polycom
Day 11: How to Dial with a Polycom Remote
TANDBERG
Day 12: How to Dial with a Cisco-TANDBERG Remote
Firewall Traversal Units
Day 7: Working With Your Firewall Traversal Unit
We also encourage you to review the past 20 Day Challenges:
If you have ideas or suggestions for future 20 Day Challenges, please comment! Or if you think we missed something from this technical challenge, we’d love to hear from you as well!
Team-written by Janine Lim, Shane Howard, and Roxanne Glaser. The opinions expressed in these posts are based on our collective video conference experience connecting classes across multiple networks to connect them to zoos, museums, experts and other classes during the past 10 years. This series of posts reflects our usage and understanding, not that of any vendor or manufacturer. No one is paying us to write these. We are just sharing what we have learned.
Day 19: What to Keep Near the Video Conference Unit
This post continues our 20 Day Challenge to understand the technical aspects of videoconferencing.
Being organized and having quick access to critical information is essential to successful connections for teachers and students. Some of the following information can be easier to understand if you take a picture of it.
Key Information
- IP Address of video unit
- Tech Contact Info
- of your network
- of your vendor
- of your regional support agency
- of the place that you are trying to connect with
On Fridays, print a schedule of video conferences for that coming week with how they are connected and contact information.
Equipment
- Quick Setup Sheet for Video Conference Unit
- A picture of how everything is connected
- A note that explains to to get the tv to the correct channel or the projector on the correct input.
- Remotes–>video conference unit, television, projector, etc.
- Where to get extra batteries for the remote
- Remote Control Quick Reference Guide
Your Turn
What do you keep near your video conferencing unit? Where do you keep your remotes?
Team-written by Janine Lim, Shane Howard, and Roxanne Glaser. The opinions expressed in these posts are based on our collective video conference experience connecting classes across multiple networks to connect them to zoos, museums, experts and other classes during the past 10 years. This series of posts reflects our usage and understanding, not that of any vendor or manufacturer. No one is paying us to write these. We are just sharing what we have learned.
Day 18: Questions to Ask When Purchasing Video Conference Equipment
This post continues our 20 Day Challenge to understand the technical aspects of videoconferencing.
First: Reseller Definition
First, realize that Tandberg, Polycom and LifeSize generally do not sell directly to customers. They sell through resellers, also called integrators, because theses resellers also sell the peripherals, add-ons and even design the room installations. This could include document cameras, projectors, monitors, furniture, lighting, tier one tech support, and more.
Second: Know Your Needs
Next, think about how you plan to use videoconferencing and what needs you might have.
- Meetings. Will meetings be only with people within your network/district? or will you need to place and receive calls to video conference systems outside your area?
- Professional Development. Will you use this only within your network/district? Will you bring in outside professional development providers?
- Full Length Courses. Will you connect only within your network? Will you need to share content or show your computer to the other side at the same time as showing video (H.239)? Courses are a great application of H.239 content sharing.
- Content Providers. Will you be connecting to zoos, museums and other organizations? If so you will need to be able to place a call to an IP address, and in a few rare cases, receive a call to an IP address.
- Connect to Classrooms for Collaborations. Here you don’t want H.239 because the other site will be able to receive it less than half the time. You also will have the best success if you can both place and receive a calls to an IP address. (See previous posts on dialing.)
Also, think about where you are going to install videoconferencing.
- Mobile cart
- Dedicated room
- Connected to your interactive whiteboard
Now you’re ready to ask questions of a reseller.
Do you primarily sell video conferencing equipment?
- What is the focus of the reseller? Video conferencing? Interactive whiteboards? Projectors? AV integration? Streaming devices? Network infrastructure?
- Is the reseller very familiar with videoconferencing?
- Do they sell to K12 education?
- Does the reseller do a network assessement and make recommendations for best videoconference practice?
- Does the reseller know about best implementation of videoconferencing on the network?
- Do they sell all manufacturers equipment or are they solely partnered with one particular manufacturer?
Can you give the the names of three different customers who have needs similar to mine that I can contact?
- Try to talk to at least three other people across the country who are in a similar situation.
- Find out what went well.
- Ask what challenges they had. Listen for any red flags.
Given your recommended purchase, how will I connect off my network?
- Can I dial out of my network to a TANDBERG, Polycom, or LifeSize endpoint?
- How do I receive a call from a TANDBERG, Polycom, LifeSize, Sony or Vtel unit that is NOT on my network?
- Can you demonstrate to me that these different types of units from off my network can dial in?
How do you test the video conference equipment that you sell?
- Do you test it with a variety of endpoints, bridges, manufacturers, and different versions of software?
- Do you test it in a closed lab or in real life situations? You really want the reseller on your side as they can advocate on your behalf with the manufacturer.
Are they certified resellers of the particular vendor?
- Some resellers have higher status with the videoconferencing manufacturer. Generally you’ll get better service from those resellers.
- Do they provide their own maintenance? Do they have a tiered level of support – some that they do and some that the manufacturer. Or do they resell service from another organization? We prefer the model of tiered support because the first level of support not provided by the manufacturer gives a better perspective on issues. You have less finger pointing.
Full disclosure: Shane and Roxanne work for Whirlidurb, a service of I-2-I Technologies, which is a video conference reseller and integrator.
Team-written by Janine Lim, Shane Howard, and Roxanne Glaser. The opinions expressed in these posts are based on our collective video conference experience connecting classes across multiple networks to connect them to zoos, museums, experts and other classes during the past 10 years. This series of posts reflects our usage and understanding, not that of any vendor or manufacturer. No one is paying us to write these. We are just sharing what we have learned.
Day 17: Top 5 Basic Network Troubleshooting Tips
This post continues our 20 Day Challenge to understand the technical aspects of videoconferencing.
No Internet, No Videoconference. A phrase we often say to the teachers and educators we support. So in today’s post, let’s look at some basic things to check when you can’t connect anywhere.
1. Is the Internet working in the school/district?
2. Is the Ethernet cable connected and in good condition?
- Follow the Ethernet (Internet) cable from the videoconference system to the wall Ethernet jack. Is it plugged in? Is it mangled looking? If the cart rolls over the cable too many times, the cable might not be functioning properly.
3. Is there activity on the link or status lights?
- Check the link and status lights next to the spot where the Ethernet cable plugs in on the videoconference system. Are they on? Are the blinking? If not, you’re not plugged into a live jack.
- It’s a good idea to label the correct jack in the wall. Double check with your district technical support personnel to make sure that it is the correct one.
4. Can you call outside your school/district/network?
- Have a list of test sites handy.
- Call to one or more test sites and see if you get audio and video.
- Make sure both sites trying to connect are able to connect to a test site.
5. Did you give the correct IP address?
- Note to network/VC people: set up the endpoint so that it shows it’s public IP on the front page. It’s not the end user’s fault if they take the IP off the screen to give out their number and it’s a 10. internal address!
- Make sure you know your own IP address. It is usually listed on the front screen of your videoconference system.
References
- List of Test Sites
- Talk Like a Techie: 20 Day Challenge: Look for additional posts on specific dialing issues or setup.
Your Turn
- What tips do you have to share for troubleshooting your videoconference?
- Any other common problems you’ve run into? Please share!
Team-written by Janine Lim, Shane Howard, and Roxanne Glaser. The opinions expressed in these posts are based on our collective video conference experience connecting classes across multiple networks to connect them to zoos, museums, experts and other classes during the past 10 years. This series of posts reflects our usage and understanding, not that of any vendor or manufacturer. No one is paying us to write these. We are just sharing what we have learned.
Day 16: Top 10 Basic Audio and Video Troubleshooting Tips for Video Conferencing
This post continues our 20 Day Challenge to understand the technical aspects of videoconferencing.
Remember that there are four parts to a technically successful video conference: sending video, receiving video, sending audio, and receiving audio. Most of the common problems related to one of these four parts.
1. I See Black / I See Blue/ I Can’t See You
- Check the TV/monitor/projector. Is it on and is it connected correctly?
- Check the monitor. Is it on the right channel? Make a note on which channel it should be used.
- Seeing blue? Check to see if your document camera is selected. If it is not turned on, you will see blue.
- If you were able to see the dialing screen/menu before you connect, then it’s not your TV/monitor/projector. A blue or black screen is often a firewall problem on either end of the call. Try one of these test numbers to make sure you can connect outside your district on your own. Have the other site try connecting somewhere else too. If you can both connect to other places but not to each other, it’s probably a firewall problem. If you have access to someone with a bridge/MCU, ask them for help (usually at your educational service agency).
- Once in a while flat screen TVs won’t cooperate. If so, unplug the power, wait for the electrons to drain, plug it in and try again.
2. Audio: I Can’t Hear
- Check your TV/monitor volume. Check your videoconference system’s volume too. Both should be about in the middle (if your system uses both).
- Have the other side check their microphone. If you see a Far End Mute icon, you know their microphone is muted. (This only shows up in point-to-point calls). Ask them to unmute. Tell them you can’t hear. Have them nod their head or wave if they can hear you. Use paper notes if necessary. Pick up the phone & call them even!
3. Audio: They Can’t Hear Me
- Check your microphone. Are you muted? Check your screen – usually you’ll see an icon if it is muted. olycom microphones are muted when the light on the mic is red. Unmute so the far site can hear you.
- Their TV volume might be turned down. You may have to write them notes on a sign to hold up in front of the camera or write on paper under the document camera. (Or call them on the phone.)
4. They Can’t See Me
- Have them check their monitor/projector/TV. Is it on & on the right channel?
- It may be a firewall problem on their end. See “I Can’t See” above. Have them try connecting to the one of these test numbers. They should determine if they get a picture and then call you back again and report. If they can’t see a picture on your system or the test site, they should talk to their tech person. If you can both connect to other places but not to each other, it’s probably a firewall problem. If you have access to someone with a bridge/MCU, ask them for help (usually at your educational service agency).
5. Call Rejected or Busy Signal or Call Rings & Rings
- If you call and get a “call rejected” error, usually the other person is already in a call.
- If the call rings & rings, usually something in the network between you & the other site is not allowing the call to negotiate. Both sides should try a test site. If your test call just rings & rings, then it’s not connecting through firewalls. If you have access to someone with a bridge/MCU, ask them for help (usually at your educational service agency).
6. Far Site Isn’t Registered to the Gatekeeper
- You might get this error if your gatekeeper is set up only to dial out to other units that are registered to the gatekeeper. (Hopefully this isn’t the case, because you want to be able to call content providers and other schools!)
- You might also get this error if your endpoint can’t interpret the dial string. You may have to have the other site call you.
7. Far Site is Unreachable
- The other site may have their system off.
- Your endpoint may not be able to interpret the dial string you entered. Try having the other site call you.
- You or the other site may not have actual Internet connectivity. Try dialing out to a test site to see if either of you have a connectivity issue.
8. Alerts: What Do They Mean?
- IP Network: If this is down, then you don’t have a live Internet connection. Try another Ethernet jack in the room. Using a spot where a computer was connected and working usually guarantees a good connection.
9. When All Else Fails, Reboot or Redial
- If you have a lot of connection problems, sometimes redialing will help clear it up.
- If nothing is working, reboot the camera. Turn the camera off (reach up!!), wait, turn it back on.
10. Polycom Specific: “Flippy-Do-Button”
- Many of our schools have Polycom endpoints, and another common problem is when you accidentally get yourself in the big screen and the far site in the picture-in-picture. How do you switch it back?
- This happens with the button that I call the “flippy-do-button”. I’m sure there’s a more technical term!
On a VSX7000, if you press the Camera button while you are in a call, you’ll see an icon with two arrows pointing around. If you select it, you’ll swap the far and near pictures. It’s easy to change it accidentally by pressing the camera button and then 1 or the enter key. To get it back, just press Camera, 1. Whew!
Bonus: Cause Codes on your MCU
- Do you see a number reported on your MCU when a call doesn’t connect? Look up what it means here. These were used for ISDN, but many of them are still used for IP calls as well.
References
- List of Test Sites
- Talk Like a Techie: 20 Day Challenge: Look for additional posts on specific dialing issues.
Your Turn
- What tips do you have to share for troubleshooting your videoconference?
- Any other common problems you’ve run into? Please share!
Team-written by Janine Lim, Shane Howard, and Roxanne Glaser. The opinions expressed in these posts are based on our collective video conference experience connecting classes across multiple networks to connect them to zoos, museums, experts and other classes during the past 10 years. This series of posts reflects our usage and understanding, not that of any vendor or manufacturer. No one is paying us to write these. We are just sharing what we have learned.
Day 14: Dialing Tips for the Polycom RMX
This post continues our 20 Day Challenge to understand the technical aspects of videoconferencing.
If you have a Polycom RMX, or need to dial into a Polycom RMX, you may find these tips helpful.
To dial out from the RMX
First, you need to create the participant to set how the dialing will occur.
If you have a participant who uses just the IP address to dial (no alias), use these steps:
- Select Create new participant
- Name the particiant
- Select the dialing direction (Dial out or Dial in)
- Set the Type to H.323
- You will fill in the appropriate IP Address
- Save the participant, at this point it is ready to be added to a conference.
Polycom RMX 2000
If you have a participant that has an alias or extension as part of their number, use these steps:
- Select Create new participant
- Name the participant
- Select the dialing direction (Dial out or Dial in)
- Set the Type to H.323
- You will fill in the appropriate IP Address
- Then you will input the alias number in the Alias Name/Type field and from the drop down select E.164
- Save the participant, at this point it is ready to be added to a conference.
To dial into the RMX
There are a few methods to dial into the RMX:
If your RMX is installed without any gatekeepers or VBPs:
- From a Polycom or LifeSize endpoint, you can dial RMX IP x.x.x.x##alias.
- Meeting rooms can be setup on RMX so that you can have the same alias all the time. You would follow same dialing as previous step.
- If you can’t get a site to dial in (i.e. a Tandberg endpoint), you can either dial out to them, or have them dial the IP address and rescue them from the entry queue.
If your RMX is installed with a gatekeeper or VBP:
- Polycom and LifeSize endpoints can still dial IP##alias format.
- Tandberg units can dial alias@IP.
References
Your Turn
- What tips do you have to share for dialing with the RMX?
- Any other issues or quirks you’ve run into? Please share!
Team-written by Janine Lim, Shane Howard, and Roxanne Glaser. The opinions expressed in these posts are based on our collective video conference experience connecting classes across multiple networks to connect them to zoos, museums, experts and other classes during the past 10 years. This series of posts reflects our usage and understanding, not that of any vendor or manufacturer. No one is paying us to write these. We are just sharing what we have learned.
Day 15: Dialing Tips for the Codian MCU
This post continues our 20 Day Challenge to understand the technical aspects of videoconferencing.
If you have a Codian bridge, or need to dial into a Codian bridge, you may find these tips helpful.
To dial into the Codian MCU
Cisco-TANDBERG-Codian bridges usually pose no problem for participants dialing in.
- LifeSize and Polycom endpoints can dial in with IP##alias.
- Tandberg endpoints can dial in with alias@IP.
- Or any endpoints can dial the IP of the Codian, and use the far end camera control to enter their meeting room.
- Or if the endpoint or MCU can’t dial in one of these ways, you can dial in to the IP address and the bridge operator can move you to the conference where you belong.
To dial an Extension from a Codian MCU
Codian MCU
Many have questions on how to dial an extension (E.164 alias) from a Codian bridge, and some even think it can’t be done! But it can. Here’s how:
- Login to the Codian web interface
- Find the Gateway option in the menu
- Add a Gateway. This will be the IP address of the device that you will be connecting to. Be sure to name this Gateway.
- Once this step is done, you will then create a endpoint.
- Find the endpoint menu option.
- Create a endpoint. Under this option you will name the endpoint. For the address you will input the E.164 alias or extension.
- From the H.323 Gateway drop down menu, you will select the Gateway that you created and select it.
Normally you would dial an extension/alias in this form: x.x.x.x##alias
However, the Codian is using the Gateway as the IP address and the endpoint as the alias settings.
So the Codian sees the dial string like this: Gateway##Endpoint
References
Your Turn
- What tips do you have to share for dialing with the Codian?
- Any other issues or quirks you’ve run into? Please share!
Team-written by Janine Lim, Shane Howard, and Roxanne Glaser. The opinions expressed in these posts are based on our collective video conference experience connecting classes across multiple networks to connect them to zoos, museums, experts and other classes during the past 10 years. This series of posts reflects our usage and understanding, not that of any vendor or manufacturer. No one is paying us to write these. We are just sharing what we have learned.
Day 13: How to Dial with a LifeSize Remote
This post continues our 20 Day Challenge to understand the technical aspects of videoconferencing.
The LifeSize remote has menu-driven functionality that neither the Polycom nor TANDBERG remotes do. The buttons on the remote are not static. The blue, green, yellow, and orange buttons each have multiple functions.
How to Dial
From the home screen, there are three ways to dial.
- Left arrow to the Video Call icon and press OK.
- Down arrow to a recent call which shows in the middle, select one, press OK.
- Press the yellow button to access the unit’s directory of address and select the one you are looking for there.
Watch the screen as you enter the IP address. The LifeSize unit emits beeps when a number is entered. This is different from the Polycom units that speak the number when it is entered.
Also, on the LifeSize, the dot button also includes the * – : , which can be accessed by repeatedly pressing the “*.” (dot/asterisk) button on the lower left.
How to Dial an Alias
LifeSize units can dial the IP##alias format. Enter the IP address and then ## and the alias. If someone gives you the alias@IP format, switch it around and dial it as IP##alias and the call will connect.
Other LifeSize Information
The original LifeSize remote was the silver edition. It was completely menu-driven. There is no Home Button or Display button, so you will have to be very attentive to the menus as you navigate this unit. 
The black remote seems to be a great mix of single use buttons and menu-driven ones.
If you are using a LifeSize Express or above product to record, the blue button becomes the record button. Currently, the Passport is the only unit that you cannot record from.
Resources
Team-written by Janine Lim, Shane Howard, and Roxanne Glaser. The opinions expressed in these posts are based on our collective video conference experience connecting classes across multiple networks to connect them to zoos, museums, experts and other classes during the past 10 years. This series of posts reflects our usage and understanding, not that of any vendor or manufacturer. No one is paying us to write these. We are just sharing what we have learned.
Day 12: How to Dial with a Cisco-TANDBERG Remote
This post continues our 20 Day Challenge to understand the technical aspects of videoconferencing.
Most parts of dialing are straight forward. Enter the numbers and connect. However there are some unique features or issues with each remote that we want to share.
Special thank you to Lori Colwill for her assistance with this post.
How to Dial
- Press each number and be sure to enter the “*.” button after each octet. This may add a * instead of a . in between each set until after you get the third set of numbers entered. Then it will automatically switch the *’s to the dots. Remember the language of an IP address, though. The address is still correctly referred to with “dots” in between the numbers, not “star” or “asterisk”.
- Access the directory, if it is set up, and dial directly from there without entering any numbers.
- If you dial an IP address and arrive at a screen and if there is audio, listen to what it is saying to you. Codian bridges are “talky” bridges and will present you with an entry queue or auto-attendant. You can navigate this screen by using the far end camera control on your remote and the the up and down arrow keys. When you arrive at the conference where you should be, press enter.
How to Dial an Alias
First of all, you may be given the number as either of these formats: alias@IP (1234@123.123.123.123) or IP##alias (123.123.123.123##1234).
Polycom users may give you an IP## alias number to dial. The TANDBERG remote cannot dial IP##alias. You may be able to turn it around and dial with the alias@IP format, depending on how the other site is set up.
- Newer TANDBERG remotes (TRC5) have an @ sign on the 1 button, so it’s easy to enter by pressing again.
- Older TANDBERG remotes (TRC3 and TRC4) don’t have an @ sign. But there are two ways to get around this.
- Web interface: If you have access to the web interface for the TANDBERG system, enter it there. Even better, put it in the address book so you can get to it again.
- Via the remote: To get the @ sign, follow these steps: Hold down the # sign (note that in the entry box it switches from 123 to abc). Then press the 1 twice (that enters the @ sign). Then hold down the # sign again to go back to numbers. However using this procedure negates the use of the *. button. You will have to use this same method to switch back to alphanumeric mode to get the dots entered in between each octect.
Pay Attention to the Location of the Infrared Receiver
- If you have a newer TANDBERG where the camera and the codec/box are separate, make sure you point the remote at the infrared receiver on the box.
- If the remote doesn’t seem to be working well, check the batteries and the direction you’re pointing. Make sure you are pointing towards the infrared receiver.
Remote Control for the iPhone / iTouch / iPad
Vyopta makes a vControl remote that mimics the TANDBERG remote and can be used to control your TANDBERG videoconference system as well as the Codian bridge.
- It costs $99; which seems a little steep for K12-education. But compare that to $400 for replacing a remote. At least it’s an option to consider.
- Read reviews and comments of this tool from VTC-Talk.com.
Resources
- TANDBERG TRC 3 Remote Training Sheet
- How to Use the TANDBERG Remote
- TANDBERG Official Remote Guide for (TRC 4)
- TANDBERG Codec C90 Users Guide (has the TRC5 Remote info)
Team-written by Lori Colwill, Janine Lim, Shane Howard, and Roxanne Glaser. The opinions expressed in these posts are based on our collective video conference experience connecting classes across multiple networks to connect them to zoos, museums, experts and other classes during the past 10 years. This series of posts reflects our usage and understanding, not that of any vendor or manufacturer. No one is paying us to write these. We are just sharing what we have learned.
Day 11: How To Dial with a Polycom Remote
This post continues our 20 Day Challenge to understand the technical aspects of videoconferencing.
We have covered the larger issues of setting up and optimizing the network, using gatekeepers, and how to tell people to connect with you via a firewall traversal unit. This week, we are shifting our focus on when you pick up the remote to your endpoint and dial to another site.
Most parts of dialing are straight forward. Enter the numbers and connect. Sometimes, there is a hidden button or a function that changes and it isn’t explained on the official equipment documentation. We are going to share some things that we have learned over the years.
How to Dial
- Press each number and be sure to enter the “.” after each octet. Dialing a video conference unit is different than dialing a phone, in that you don’t add any “punctuation” in a phone number, but you must on a video conference system.
- Access the directory, if it is set up, and dial directly from there without entering any numbers.
- To Dial an Alias: Dial the main IP address, add ## and then the number of the extension, alias, or room number.
- If you dial an IP address and arrive at a screen and if there is audio, listen to what it is saying to you. Codian bridges are “talky” bridges and will present you with an entry queue or auto-attendant. You can navigate this screen by using the far end camera control on your remote and the the up and down arrow keys. When you arrive at the conference where you should be, press enter.
Polycom ViewStation: Quirk
Remember, when you enter the IP address into the dialing menu, you must enter the “.” between each octet.
- Older ViewStation remotes had no dot button. You press the red, right arrow key while in the address box. That makes the dot.
- The call/hangup button is green and does both functions.
Polycom VSX 7000: True Love
This could possibly be our favorite video conference remote of all time.
- Separate call/end call buttons.
- Dot button.
- Separate near and far camera control buttons.
- Color-coded buttons separating the camera and call functions. (This went away in the HDX remotes.)
Polycom HDX Systems: Tip
Polycom HDX systems came with an entirely new remote design. This design was not made with classroom functionality in mind. It was created to appear attractive in a conference room environment. It takes a bit of getting used to the different shaped buttons and some of the design takes precedence over functionality, in our experience. And it takes more batteries!
If you are accustomed to the Viewstation or the VSX line, those remotes will also work with the HDX line. The color coded buttons on the old remote design were user-friendly and easy to train users on.
Resources
Your Turn
Anything we missed? Can you remember when you first began dialing? What was hard to remember?
Team-written by Janine Lim, Shane Howard, and Roxanne Glaser. The opinions expressed in these posts are based on our collective video conference experience connecting classes across multiple networks to connect them to zoos, museums, experts and other classes during the past 10 years. This series of posts reflects our usage and understanding, not that of any vendor or manufacturer. No one is paying us to write these. We are just sharing what we have learned.
